Thursday, November 24, 2016

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New Issue Publish Current Vascular Pharmacology 15 Issue 1

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New Issue Publish Current Vascular Pharmacology 15 Issue 1

Call For Paper

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Bentham Science Publishers would like to invite you to submit your research paper for publishing in the Journal of

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Highlighted Article: Use of Non-Selective Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Relation to Cardiovascular Events. A Systematic Pharmacoepidemiological Review

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Use of Non-Selective Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Relation to Cardiovascular Events. A Systematic Pharmacoepidemiological Review

Author(s):

Christos Kontogiorgis, Ioannis Valikeserlis, Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina, Evangelia Nena and Theodoros C. Constantinidis Pages 502 - 513 ( 12 )

Abstract:

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used, having numerous indications. However, despite their therapeutic role, they are associated with serious cardiovascular (CV) adverse events.

Objectives-Methods: This review comprising recent observational studies and metaanalyses over the past few years aims at updating the assessment of CV adverse events, namely stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), CV death, atrial fibrillation (AF), serious bleeding and heart failure related to the use of 4 of the most widely prescribed NSAIDs: ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and mefenamic acid.

Results: The best safety profile related to MI was found for naproxen, while the worst safety profile, with excessively increased risk for stroke, MI and major bleeding, was for diclofenac. Naproxen showed higher risk for major bleeding than ibuprofen and the risk for stroke was slightly higher than ibuprofen. Regarding heart failure, ibuprofen presented the highest risk while the highest risk for AF was attributed to the current use of diclofenac. There are few data related to mefenamic acid, which showed a strong association with increased risk for stroke and a moderately increased risk for MI.

Conclusion: Further research is needed in order to devise new guidelines for safer use of NSAIDs.

Keywords:

Cardiovascular, safety, adverse events, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, mefenamic acid, stroke, myocardial infarction.

Affiliation:

Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Campus (Dragana) Building 5, GR-68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.

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Most Cited Article: Sulodexide Down-Regulates the Release of Cytokines, Chemokines, and Leukocyte Colony Stimulating Factors from Human Macrophages: Role of Glycosaminoglycans in Inflammatory Pathways of Chronic Venous Disease

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Sulodexide Down-Regulates the Release of Cytokines, Chemokines, and Leukocyte Colony Stimulating Factors from Human Macrophages: Role of Glycosaminoglycans in Inflammatory Pathways of Chronic Venous Disease

Author(s):

Ferdinando Mannello, Daniela Ligi, Matteo Canale and Joseph D. Raffetto Pages 173 - 185 ( 13 )

Abstract:

Chronic venous disease (CVeD) is a debilitating condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. The condition can result in varicose veins, or advance to severe skin changes and venous ulceration. The fundamental basis for CVeD is inflammation within the venous circulation and that it is subjected to increased hydrostatic pressure resulting in increased ambulatory venous pressure. The inflammation involves leukocytes, in particular macrophages and monocytes, inflammatory modulators and chemokines, cytokine expression, growth factors, metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and many regulatory pathways that perpetuate inflammation.

Sulodexide (SDX) is a glycosaminoglycan with pro-fibrinolytic and anti-thrombotic properties. We have previously demonstrated that SDX inhibits the secretion of pro-zymogen MMP-9 from human leukocytes without displacing high molecular complexes of MMP-9. The anti-inflammatory properties of SDX on activated leukocytes have not been well established. We hypothesized that SDX will reduce the secretion of inflammatory mediators from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of SDX on LPS-stimulated macrophage secretion of various inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and colony stimulating factors. We used microplatebased multiplex immunoassays. LPS-stimulated macrophages in vitro caused a substantial increase of interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, interferon, chemokines and colony stimulating factors. The addition of SDX caused both a dose-dependent and dose-independent decrease in nearly all of the inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and colony stimulating factors. These findings suggest that SDX has a significant effect on the release of inflammatory mediators from macrophages, and may be useful in the treatment of early and advanced CVeD.

Keywords:

Chronic venous disease, inflammation, glycosaminoglycan, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, sulodexide, U-937 macrophage-like cell line.

Affiliation:

Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University “Carlo Bo”, Via O. Ubaldini 7, Urbino (PU), Italy.

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